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Lesson 17 N5

Negative Requests

Learn the ない form and how to make negative requests.

ない form conjugation 〜ないでください (please don't) なくてもいい (don't have to) Negative expressions

The ない Form (Negative)

The form is the plain negative form of verbs. It's essential for many grammar patterns.

Verb Type Dictionary ない Form Rule
う verbs 書く 書かない く→かない
う verbs 話す 話さない す→さない
う verbs 待つ 待たない つ→たない
う verbs 読む 読まない む→まない
う verbs (う) 買う 買わない う→わない
る verbs 食べる 食べない る→ない
Irregular する しない -
Irregular 来る 来ない (こない) -
Exception ある ない special

Negative Requests: 〜ないでください

To ask someone not to do something, use the ない form + .

Pattern
Verb (ない form) + でください
Please don't [verb]
Examples
Koko de shashin o toranaide kudasai. Please don't take photos here.
Shinpai shinaide kudasai. Please don't worry.
Okurenaide kudasai. Please don't be late.

Not Necessary: 〜なくてもいいです

To say that something is not necessary, use the ない form (change ない to なくて) + .

Pattern
Verb (なくて form) + もいいです
You don't have to [verb]
Examples
Ashita wa konakute mo ii desu. You don't have to come tomorrow.
Zenbu tabenakute mo ii desu. You don't have to eat everything.
Isoganakute mo ii desu yo. You don't have to hurry.

Must Do: 〜なければなりません

To express obligation ("must do"), use the ない form (change ない to なければ) + .

Pattern
Verb (なければ form) + なりません
Must [verb] / Have to [verb]
Examples
Shukudai o shinakereba narimasen. I must do my homework.
Kusuri o nomanakereba narimasen. I must take medicine.
Hayaku okinakereba narimasen. I must wake up early.
Casual Form

In casual speech, 〜なければなりません often becomes or .